AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

What agent is commonly used to flush an artery to prevent clotting?

1. Warfarin

2. Aspirin

3. Heparin

4. Streptokinase

The correct answer is: Heparin

Heparin is commonly used to flush an artery as it is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. Its mechanism of action involves activating antithrombin III, which then inactivates thrombin and factor Xa, leading to a decrease in the overall clotting potential of the blood. This makes heparin especially effective in maintaining patency in blood vessels during surgical procedures or in instances of catheter placement. Flush solutions containing heparin help prevent thrombosis in arteries by providing ongoing protection against clot formation, which is crucial during and after vascular surgeries or interventions where blood flow needs to be maintained. This antithrombotic property is why heparin is the preferred choice for flushing arteries. In contrast, while other agents like warfarin and aspirin have roles in anticoagulation and antiplatelet effects respectively, they are not typically used for flushing during procedures. Warfarin is a long-term anticoagulant and requires monitoring for INR levels, and aspirin is primarily used to prevent arterial clots rather than flush them. Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve existing clots, rather than preventing them in the first place. Therefore, heparin’s specific