AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

What is the role of distilled water in the sterilization process of surgical instruments?

1. To cool the instruments

2. To provide moisture during sterilization

3. To remove debris

4. To dilute disinfectants

The correct answer is: To provide moisture during sterilization

Distilled water plays a significant role in the sterilization process of surgical instruments by providing moisture during sterilization. The presence of moisture is essential for effective sterilization methods, particularly in steam sterilization (autoclaving), as it helps create the optimal conditions for killing microorganisms. Steam must come into contact with the instruments to ensure the sterilizing agent (steam) penetrates all surfaces and effectively eliminates all pathogens. Without adequate moisture, the sterilization process may not reach its full efficacy. The other choices, while they may have some relevance in different contexts, do not accurately represent the primary function of distilled water in the sterilization process. For example, cooling of instruments can be done using other methods and materials, debris removal is typically addressed through cleaning processes prior to sterilization, and dilution of disinfectants is not a role played by distilled water in this context.